Meridian Wellness Systems LLC · myoguard.health
Curated peer-reviewed literature relevant to GLP-1 therapy, muscle preservation, protein adequacy, and sarcopenia risk assessment. This library represents the published evidence informing the clinical rationale behind the Sarcopenia Risk Index (SRI) expert-consensus framework.
Evidence Domains
GLP-1 Therapy: 5·Sarcopenia Risk: 6·Protein Requirements: 5·Lean Mass Preservation: 5
Evidence Domain
Peer-reviewed randomised trial evidence on weight reduction and body composition changes during GLP-1 receptor agonist therapy, including semaglutide and tirzepatide.
Jastreboff AM, Aronne LJ, Ahmad NN, et al.
The SURMOUNT-1 randomised trial reported a mean body weight reduction of 22.5% with tirzepatide 15 mg weekly over 72 weeks in adults with obesity without type 2 diabetes.
Garvey WT, Batterham RL, Bhatta M, et al.
Sustained semaglutide treatment over two years was associated with continued weight reduction and cardiometabolic improvements, with body composition changes including lean mass reported across the observation period.
Wilding JPH, Batterham RL, Calanna S, et al.
The STEP 1 randomised trial reported a mean body weight reduction of 14.9% with once-weekly semaglutide 2.4 mg over 68 weeks, with lean body mass loss observed as a proportion of total weight lost.
Rubino D, Abrahamsson N, Davies M, et al.
The STEP 4 trial reported that discontinuation of semaglutide after 20 weeks was associated with regain of approximately two-thirds of prior weight lost by week 120, suggesting that continued pharmacotherapy is required to maintain treatment effects.
Lundgren JR, Janus C, Jensen SBK, et al.
Combined exercise and liraglutide was associated with the most favourable preservation of lean body mass during weight loss maintenance compared with pharmacotherapy or exercise alone over a 52-week period.
Evidence Domain
Published consensus definitions, diagnostic criteria, and epidemiological data on sarcopenia prevalence, classification, and clinical consequences.
Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, et al.
The EWGSOP2 consensus revised the definition and diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia, establishing low muscle strength as the primary parameter and low muscle quantity or quality as the confirmatory criterion.
Tournadre A, Vial G, Capel F, et al.
This review described the pathophysiology, diagnostic approaches, and clinical consequences of sarcopenia, noting its association with metabolic conditions, functional decline, and increased morbidity in older adults.
Shafiee G, Keshtkar A, Soltani A, et al.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of general population studies reported sarcopenia prevalence ranging from approximately 10% to 27%, with substantial variation observed depending on the diagnostic criteria applied and the population studied.
Chen LK, Liu LK, Woo J, et al.
The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia established region-specific diagnostic criteria for low muscle mass and function, noting that sarcopenia thresholds differ meaningfully across ethnic populations.
Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, et al.
The PROT-AGE Study Group recommended dietary protein intake of 1.0–1.2 g/kg body weight per day for healthy older adults, with higher amounts of 1.2–1.5 g/kg/day described for those with acute or chronic illness.
Weinheimer EM, Sands LP, Campbell WW
This systematic review reported that energy restriction alone was consistently associated with significant fat-free mass loss in middle-aged and older adults, while the combination of energy restriction with exercise attenuated this loss.
Evidence Domain
Evidence-based and guideline-derived recommendations on dietary protein targets for older adults, individuals with acute or chronic illness, and those undergoing weight reduction.
Morton RW, Murphy KT, McKellar SR, et al.
This meta-analysis of 49 studies reported that dietary protein supplementation was significantly associated with resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength, with effects plateauing at intakes of approximately 1.62 g/kg/day.
Stokes T, Hector AJ, Morton RW, et al.
This review described evidence supporting the role of dietary protein in facilitating resistance exercise-induced muscle adaptation, noting that both the amount and timing of protein intake were associated with the magnitude of muscle protein synthesis responses.
Phillips SM, Chevalier S, Leidy HJ
This review described evidence that protein intakes above the RDA of 0.8 g/kg/day may be warranted for older adults and individuals engaged in resistance training to optimise muscle protein synthesis and support preservation of lean mass.
Deutz NEP, Bauer JM, Barazzoni R, et al.
ESPEN expert recommendations described protein intake of 1.0–1.2 g/kg/day for healthy older adults and 1.2–1.5 g/kg/day for those with illness or injury, with combined dietary protein and physical exercise described as the most effective strategy for preserving muscle mass.
Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, et al.
The PROT-AGE Study Group recommended dietary protein intake of 1.0–1.2 g/kg body weight per day for healthy older adults, with higher amounts of 1.2–1.5 g/kg/day described for those with acute or chronic illness.
Evidence Domain
Evidence on attenuation of lean tissue loss during caloric restriction, including the reported roles of dietary protein adequacy and physical activity patterns.
Lundgren JR, Janus C, Jensen SBK, et al.
Combined exercise and liraglutide was associated with the most favourable preservation of lean body mass during weight loss maintenance compared with pharmacotherapy or exercise alone over a 52-week period.
Morton RW, Murphy KT, McKellar SR, et al.
This meta-analysis of 49 studies reported that dietary protein supplementation was significantly associated with resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength, with effects plateauing at intakes of approximately 1.62 g/kg/day.
Stokes T, Hector AJ, Morton RW, et al.
This review described evidence supporting the role of dietary protein in facilitating resistance exercise-induced muscle adaptation, noting that both the amount and timing of protein intake were associated with the magnitude of muscle protein synthesis responses.
Cava E, Yeat NC, Mittendorfer B
This review described strategies for attenuating lean mass loss during caloric restriction, emphasising the reported roles of adequate dietary protein and resistance exercise in preserving muscle tissue during weight loss interventions.
Weinheimer EM, Sands LP, Campbell WW
This systematic review reported that energy restriction alone was consistently associated with significant fat-free mass loss in middle-aged and older adults, while the combination of energy restriction with exercise attenuated this loss.
Library Methodology
Citations in this library are selected on the basis of clinical relevance to the GLP-1 prescribing context, sarcopenia surveillance, and physician-led muscle preservation protocols. Included publications are peer-reviewed, indexed, and accessible via PubMed or DOI where indicated.
This library is not a systematic review. It does not constitute an exhaustive survey of the literature. Inclusion reflects relevance to the clinical framework and is subject to ongoing curation.